Dog Bloat: Know About the Symptoms and Treatment of Bloat in Dogs

Bloat is a serious condition which if left untreated can prove fatal. It is also known as Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus (GDV). Gastric dilatation is where the stomach becomes distended due to gas or fluid and food. This causes the stomach to become distended and in some cases this can twist in on itself, making it difficult for the release of built up gas, trapped air, fluid and food. This is known as Gastric Volvulus. If left untreated, this can also cut of blood supply from the veins which lead from the abdomen to other organs within the body. Symptoms may include low blood pressure, damage to internal organs, shock and eventually death. The precise cause of bloat is often unknown, in some cases the build-up of gas within the stomach may lead to it twisting or the twisting of the stomach can lead to the buildup of gases. It is thought that a combination of eating habits, stress and exercising too soon before or after eating may also lead to bloat. Some experts have suggested elevated feeding bowels could also be a risk factor for Bloat and if your dog eats too fast. Bloat may be inherited and is more common in larger breed dogs with deep chests, such as German Shepherds, Dalmatians and Great Danes, males and dogs over the age of 7 years are also more likely to develop this condition.

Symptoms of bloat include vomiting, retching without vomiting, drooling, salivation, foaming at the mouth, a distended stomach and behavioral symptoms may include restlessness and anxiety. Other symptoms may include coughing, excessive thirst, rapid breathing or panting and even collapse. They may have a distended or bloated abdomen on physical examination.

With immediate diagnosis bloat can be treated however it considered a medical emergency. If bloat is suspected, abdominal X rays can help to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment may require a combination of surgery, IV fluids, pain medication and antibiotic therapy. Your veterinarian will also carry out examinations and blood work to ensure other organs have not been compromised. For Gastric dilatation, gastric decompression will help to reduce the amount of gas and air within the stomach by passing a tube down your dog's throat and into their stomach allowing air and fluid to be released through the tube. This is useful for bloat which is not associated with twisting or torsion. If your dog has signs of Gastric volvulus, surgery will be required to untwist and reposition the stomach.

Prevention includes monitoring your dogs diet, avoiding foods containing citric acid, that are too high in fat, and removing ingredients which have a propensity to produce gas, such as brewers yeast or soybeans. Ensuring your dog doesn't eat too soon after exercise is also very important and it is often recommended that you leave at least an hour in between feeding and activity. Trying to reduce stress in your pet, particularly around feeding times is important. Ensuring your dog does not drink an hour before or after eating can also help to prevent bloat.